I don't want to grow up. Tom Waits.
David, the teacher was trying to give an assignment the students might actually be interested in. Yes, it's pathetic, but if you ask them to write a decent paper with proper citations, you'll get nowhere--or, rather, you'll get plagiarized garbage. It's been a long time since I've read it, but one song that came to me was "The Sounds of Silence" by Simon and Garfunkel. There's a line that says "The words of the prophets are written on the subway walls, and tenement halls." I''m thinking of the "f-you" signs on the walls that bother Holden. There are other lines in that song that would also work.
you can google Calliope Music to get a link to the carrousel song. You may be able to find an Estelle Fletcher song online, but "Little Shirley Beans" is not a real song. Gus Kahn wrote the song &Franz Waxman wrote the musical score to the movie Captains Courageous...it is the movie that features the boy who fell off the boat, there was a reference to Holden looking like the boy. you may be able to find a link to the soundtrack for the score if you look hard enough.
no
Either present instrumental, period music, which would be appropriate, or some Linken Park. Tell your teacher that this was busy work and you learned nothing from it.