It's like a common language bewteen things. If you have 1 mole of carbon. You have 12.01 grams of carbon 22.4 liters of carbon And 6.02?10^-23 atoms of carbon. It's all equal. If you have a Probelm with chlorine gas reacting with sodium metal but the gas is measured in liters and the sodium metal in grams you can't do the problem. You need a common unit bewteen all everything. The common unit bewteen everything is the mole.